Catalytic oxidation of toluene

Catalytic oxidation of toluene. The results show that toluene first loses hydrogen from the methyl group via oxy-dehydrogenation and is gradually oxidized by lattice or adsorbed oxygen to benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde Nov 1, 2021 · Due to severe problems caused by toluene, different techniques for the abatement of toluene have been developed. Combining the MvK mechanism and our results, the reaction pathway of toluene catalytic oxidation over Co5Ce1Ox catalyst can be briefly presented as shown in Fig. This paper highlights the recent progressive Prepared manganese-nickel mixed oxides in both configurations show remarkable low-temperature activity for the toluene oxidation. According to the GC-MS analysis, there may be two reaction paths for the catalytic oxidation of toluene. The prepared mixed metal oxide CuxZnyO was evaluated for catalytic performance for toluene oxidation Sep 25, 2023 · The catalytic activity of 1%Ag/Co 3 O 4-S toward toluene oxidation was compared with Co 3 O 4 based catalysts reported in literature, as shown in Table 2. The effect of physicochemical properties (redox properties and oxygen vacancy) of the catalyst on toluene applied to the catalytic oxidation of V ocs. To evaluate the stability and water resistance of MnO 2-G, the sample was tested for toluene oxidation at a reaction temperature of 225 °C and WHSV of 30,000 mL·h −1 ·g −1. 5 O 4 in the bimetallic catalysts CuMn(y)O x /γ-Al 2 O 3. 15 μm and lengths of ~1 μm were prepared using a hydrothermal method via the assembly of microcrystals and tested in the catalytic oxidation of toluene. Lower oxidation states of Mn in catalysts with lower Mn loading lead to higher rate of toluene oxidation by ozone. The catalyst prepared at a Co/(Ce+Co) molar ratio of 0. 875Zr0. Path 1: During the process of catalytic oxidation of toluene, the O 2 was captured by oxygen vacancies and Ce 3+, thus Jul 1, 2020 · As shown in Fig. 62% maximum toluene conversion rate was obtained after 18 h of oxidation Jan 14, 2011 · A series of novel Pd/Co 3 AlO catalysts derived from hydrotalcite-like compounds (HTlcs) have been prepared and investigated for total oxidation of toluene. Mar 3, 2021 · Toluene was selected as model compound to evaluate the catalytic oxidation performance of prepared La 1−x Ca x CoO 3−δ catalysts and the optimum Ca-doping amount was determined. Feb 1, 2024 · Plasma-catalytic oxidation of toluene over δ-MnO 2 was investigated. doi: 10. 5 Mn 1. • The interlayer-exposed δ-MnO 2 performed best in plasma-catalytic toluene oxidation. XANES and EXAFS were used to identify formal oxidation state of Mn and local structure of manganese oxide in the catalyst. 6 B, 7B and 8B. , 2020). Herein, OZCO of toluene at room temperature Nov 1, 2022 · Namely, higher proportion of low-valent manganese and oxygen vacancies, and better low-temperature reducibility are beneficial to achieve higher catalytic activity for toluene oxidation. At first, toluene is adsorbed on the surface of the Jun 15, 2023 · The possible toluene catalytic oxidation mechanism was summarized as follows (Fig. Within the initial 48 h, the conversion rate of Feb 12, 2024 · Toluene, which is one of the typical volatile organic compounds (VOCs), can pose a serious threat to environment and human health. 8b17062. Toluene molecules initially adsorbed onto the surface undergo a catalytic oxidation reaction through Co 3+ /Co 2+ (and Ni 3+ /Ni 2+) cations and active oxygen species to give oxidation products. Catalysts preparation2. 1. Aug 15, 2023 · Light-driven photothermal catalytic oxidation is a promising strategy for sustainable volatile organic compounds (VOCs) elimination. Mn 2 O 3 is formed at Mn loading lower than 10% while MnO 2 is dominant MnO x phase at higher loadings. Based on characterization methods, the results can scientifically and systematically reveal the relationship among the microstructure, chemical valence state and activity of toluene catalytic oxidation. 15). A high-performance catalyst plays a crucial role in catalytic oxidation. Feb 15, 2020 · The catalytic activities for toluene oxidation and physicochemical characteristics of these samples were affected by the nature of Mn (II) precursors. The oxidation of toluene might achieve in five parallel paths. May 12, 2021 · Catalytic toluene oxidation was carried out to detect the catalytic performance of these catalysts (Fig. T 10%, T 50% and T 90 % (reaction temperature with 10%, 50% and 90% toluene conversion, respectively) were used to indicate the catalytic oxidative toluene activity of the catalyst and values were listed in Table S2. Nov 1, 2022 · As a kind of VOCs, the direct catalytic oxidation of toluene to CO 2 and H 2 O is a great challenge. The catalytic performance of Co3O4 nanorods was improved by the addition of Ag at various concentrations, and the 7% Ag/Co3O4 catalyst achieves a toluene conversion of 90% at 256 °C with a space velocity For the catalytic oxidation of toluene, oxygen adsorption on the carbon surface plays a pivotal role in the toluene oxidation process (Fig. In absence of catalysts, no toluene conversion is observed in the test temperature region. Catalytic ozonation was conducted at 25–90 °C on MnOx/γ-Al2O3 catalyst. Materials and methods2. Subsequently, the lattice oxygen migrates to the surface to maintain the reaction progress, synchronously leading to the formation of oxygen vacancies . Apr 1, 2018 · The catalytic activity trend in terms of T 90%, from the lowest to the highest, followed the order: Mn-doped < undoped < Cu-doped, where the Mn-doped perovskite catalyst exhibited the best catalytic performance in the toluene oxidation, related to the higher amount of adsorbed oxygen species on its surface and higher reducibility at low Oct 25, 2011 · The copper and manganese based catalysts prepared in this work had higher catalytic activity in the catalytic oxidation of toluene compared to the monometallic catalysts CuO x /γ-Al 2 O 3 and MnO x /γ-Al 2 O 3. Fig. Jul 20, 2021 · Catalytic efficiencies of MnMoO 4 nanomaterials were evaluated by direct oxidation of toluene via C–H activation. Absorption energy of Feb 15, 2021 · NTP catalytic oxidation of toluene, ozone emission, and GC–MS by-product analysis confirmed that 60Mn/MCM-41 catalyst has high catalytic activity. • Well-defined δ-MnO 2 with accessible inter-lamellar Lewis-acid sites was designed. Based on these characterizations, the mechanism of Ca-doping and the role of catalyst in the catalytic toluene oxidation was discussed. 10, revealing that a small amount of water vapor does not poison the catalyst. May 12, 2024 · Fe 2 O 3 has emerged as an essential catalytic material for VOCs catalytic oxidation process due to its economic advantages and commendable resistance to poisoning. The reaction parameters, that is, catalyst dose, time, and toluene concentration, were varied to obtain the optimal conditions for the oxidation process. The 40. Among them, catalytic oxidation is considered as one of the most effective methods for removing VOCs due to its low operating temperature and high efficiency. Jan 15, 2023 · The O A species, as a much more reactive oxygen species, accelerates the catalytic oxidation of toluene to CO 2 and H 2 O on the three catalysts, because benzyl alcohol, as intermediate species, cannot be captured in the toluene adsorption process in Fig. • δ-MnO 2 with a layered structure was synthesized using a metal–organic framework. The HTlcs phase Co–Al precursors were prepared by coprecipitation method and Pd active species were introduced by different approaches, i. The reaction temperature T 50 corresponding to 50% of the toluene conversion is observed at temperatures of ca. 3. 1 A), the conversion of toluene was promoted to a certain extent over the entire temperature range (120 to 260 ℃) after adding 500 ppm of SCR atmosphere (Fig. The possible oxidation reaction mechanism for the catalytic aerobic oxidation of toluene over CeO 2 –MnO x was also suggested. Oskoui et al. g. The results showed that the 15%Mn–Pal catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic activity (T90 = 227 °C Jun 5, 2013 · Highlights Oxidation state of Mn depends on loading of Mn on γ-alumina. Dec 20, 2022 · As can be seen in Table 2, the catalytic toluene oxidation performance of M-Co 2 Cu 1 became compared with the corresponding performances of some Co/Cu-based catalysts reported in the literature. • Oct 27, 2022 · Toluene is one of the typical volatile organic compounds in industry, particularly in energy and fuels production processes, which is required to be eliminated effectively to protect the environment. Therefore, using PCTF-CCM for the photothermal catalytic oxidation of toluene can reduce energy consumption as well as prevent catalyst poisoning. In this study, we report the synthesis of mixed metal oxide CuxZnyO, which is prepared by a coprecipitation method by varying the molar ratio of Cu and Zn in the catalytic system. Toluene was converted into benzaldehyde and benzyl alcohol in the presence of H 2 O 2 as an oxidant at 80 °C. 6 Although several catalysts have been synthesized for this purpose in the past few decades, new catalytic routes have been Oct 5, 2023 · Synthesis of catalyst by the organic solvent is an attractive strategy for improving the oxygen vacancy concentration and catalytic activity. Aug 21, 2019 · Catalytic oxidation of toluene, ethyl acetate and chlorobenzene Catalytic activity The results of the degradation evaluation in three VOCs oxidation including toluene, ethyl acetate and Feb 15, 2020 · As expected, the catalytic activity of MnO 2-Ac decreased as WHSV increasing from 30,000 to 200,000 mL/(g h), because a longer residence time of toluene on the catalyst surface benefits catalytic oxidation. 1021/acsami. 2019 Jan 9;11(1):730-739. Aug 15, 2023 · The effect of water vapor on the photothermal catalytic oxidation of toluene over PCTF-CCM is shown in Fig. Catalytic oxidation is one of the promising methods and effective technologies for toluene degradation as it oxidizes it to CO 2 and does not deliver other pollutants to the environment. 1 D). Jun 15, 2024 · To date, biological degradation, adsorption, and catalytic oxidation are the main strategies for reducing toluene emissions [1], [2]. CexMn1–xO2 catalysts with different mixing ratios are prepared by the sol–gel method and found to exhibit better catalytic activities for toluene oxidation than a single Aug 1, 2024 · In this study, a series of MnO x samples with significantly improved catalytic activity for toluene oxidation were synthesized through different preparation methods and different K + doping and applied to catalytic combustion for toluene. e. The emission of these pollutants has led to a large decline in air Due to severe problems caused by toluene, different techniques for the abatement of toluene have been developed. Dec 1, 2023 · Catalytic activity was evaluated by the oxidation of toluene, used as a model of benzene-based compounds. Herein, UiO-66-Ce and a series of transition metals-doped UiO-66-CeM (M = Cu, Co, Mn, Fe, Zr) through a rapid and facile one-step synthesis method are prepared to investigate the catalytic oxidation of tolue Jun 22, 2024 · In catalytic ozonation, toluene is slightly less reactive than benzene, which differs from heat-driven catalytic oxidation. Catalytic oxidation of toluene is widely studied for its high efficiency, and rational design and synthesis of metal catalysts are keys for toluene oxidation. Apr 15, 2015 · In fact, a high concentration of weak acid sites is required for high toluene oxidation activity. The addition of toluene has no effect on the catalytic oxidation reaction of CH 2 Cl 2, which maybe explained by the fact that the catalytic oxidation reaction of CH 2 Cl 2 does not occur on the platinum sites. 6 a illustrates the results of long-term stability testing for the catalytic oxidation of toluene over MnO 2-G. This article reviews the recent advances of the catalytic oxidation of toluene on Mn-based catalysts. 125O2 catalyst using density functional theory (DFT). Catalytic oxidation technology is regarded as a highly efficient method for the removal of toluene. Jan 9, 2019 · Defective Mn x Zr 1- x O 2 Solid Solution for the Catalytic Oxidation of Toluene: Insights into the Oxygen Vacancy Contribution ACS Appl Mater Interfaces . However, even at WHSV of 200,000 mL/(g h), the 90% toluene conversion was also achieved at a relative low temperature (247 °C). It was mainly attributed to the formation of the spinel phase Cu 1. The dissociation energy of C H bond in –C 6 H 5 (110 kcal/mol) is higher than that in –CH 3 (75 kcal/mol) [53] , so the toluene oxidation is easier than the benzene oxidation. 400-430 K for the powder catalyst and at ca. However, the debate regarding the oxidation mechanism is far from resolved. Oads play a crucial role in the catalytic oxidation of toluene and are the key species that enable the decomposition of the aromatic ring (Su et al. , impregnation (IMP), wet ion exchange (WIE) or directly at coprecipitation stage (COP). 4). 8, the catalytic performance of four Ag catalysts was evaluated using toluene catalytic oxidation. This study provides a promising strategy for catalytic oxidation of VOCs based on cobalt-supported MOFs as precursors. 450-490 K for the monolith configuration. used artificial neural networks to model the correlation between catalytic performance in toluene oxidation and catalytic parameters (the mole fraction of La, the mole fraction of Fe, calcination temperature (°C), and molar ratio of citric acid to the total nitrates in the precursor solution) using La x Sr 1–x Fe y Co 1–y O 3 Dec 27, 2023 · In this study, we systemically calculated the catalytic oxidation mechanism of toluene over the Ce0. These catalytic materials were systematically characterized by N2 adsorption/desorption, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM Jun 1, 2021 · When the photocatalytic oxidation of toluene over TBATB under violet LED irradiation was examined in EtOAc (Table 1, entries 8–10), it was found that toluene can be oxidized to benzoic acid more efficiently in EtOAc under violet LED irradiation compare to blue LED irradiation as demonstrated by comparison of entry 4 with 8 in Table 1 (Fig. It was clear that 1%Ag/Co 3 O 4-R has better catalytic activity for toluene oxidation than other Jul 15, 2023 · In catalytic oxidation of toluene or benzene, the activated sites of toluene and benzene are the C H bond on –CH 3 and the C H bond on phenyl group (–C 6 H 5). , tropospheric ozone, PAN (peroxyacetyl nitrate), and secondary organic aerosols) and photochemical smog. The appropriate Feb 1, 2023 · Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effect of the SCR atmosphere on the catalytic oxidation performance of toluene. 5 Oxidation of toluene has been a challenging task for researchers with mild and environmentally friendly conditions. Oct 1, 2023 · Toluene, benzene, benzaldehyde, heptaldehyde, acetone, maleic acid, and carbon dioxide were detected during the catalytic oxidation of toluene on HNO 3-MRM at 320 ℃. Sep 27, 2021 · Catalytic oxidation is one of the promising methods and effective technologies for toluene degradation as it oxidizes it to CO 2 and does not deliver other pollutants to the environment. Jul 9, 2022 · A series of Fe–rich palygorskite supported manganese oxide (X%Mn–Pal) catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation method and used as catalysts for toluene oxidation. Oct 28, 2019 · A series of rare earth elements (REEs)-modified and Mobil Composition of Matter (MCM)-22-supported Pd nanocrystal catalysts were synthesized via a high-temperature solution-phase reduction method and tested for toluene complete oxidation. 11). Moreover, the catalyst affected the production of by-products. Compared with other catalysts, M-Co 2 Cu 1 O x had a lower T 90 at a relatively high SV, which proves its superior catalytic activity for toluene Mar 9, 2021 · Oxidation is an important organic transformation, and several catalysts have been reported for this conversion. During the catalytic oxidation process, toluene was oxidized at lower temperatures than benzene because of the presence of methyl groups. Adsorption isotherms of benzene (a), toluene (b) and o-xylene (c) on the H 2 SO 4 treated Pt/AC at three different temperatures. Sep 4, 2018 · This work reports on gas phase catalytic ozonation of a binary mixture of toluene and acetone and compares it with catalytic ozonation of single component acetone and toluene. Jun 15, 2010 · This result means that the adsorption/catalytic oxidation system investigated in this work depends sensitively on the metallic phase rather than on the supported phase. Sep 5, 2016 · To assess the catalytic performances in toluene oxidation, both of sc-LaMnO 3 and cr-LaMnO 3 were subjected to a feed stream containing 500 ppm toluene with a gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) at 19,200 mL·g − 1·h − 1. Jun 15, 2008 · It is known that toluene molecules are oxidized on platinum sites in the catalytic oxidation reaction when a platinum catalyst is used. In this study, an efficient catalyst Aug 13, 2024 · The Co/Ce x Zr y-UiO-66 show the efficient catalytic oxidation of toluene. This work may provide a new insight into highly selective preparation of aromatic alcohols and aldehydes from the selective aerobic oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons employing low-cost CeO 2 –MnO x as an efficient Sep 1, 2023 · It is widely accepted that the catalytic oxidation of VOCs over transition metal oxide catalyst follows the MvK mechanism [59]. 2. Due to the excellent reducibility of ethylene glycol (EG), the reduction strategy was designed to synthesize α-MnO 2-EG, and for toluene oxidation. Mar 14, 2021 · Co3O4 nanorods with diameters of ~0. Aug 8, 2021 · Besides, this process needs expensive separation protocols and also is less selective toward products. 3 has the best catalytic activity and long-term stability. In this study, six types of MnO 2 with crystal phases corresponding to α-, β-, γ-, ε-, λ-, and δ-MnO 2 are prepared, and their catalytic activity toward ozone-assisted catalytic oxidation of toluene at room temperature are studied, which follow the order of δ-MnO 2 > α-MnO 2 > ε-MnO 2 > γ-MnO 2 > λ-MnO 2 > β-MnO 2. In addition, the performance comparison of Fe-MnO 2 and the catalysts reported in the literature for the catalytic oxidation of toluene is shown in Table S2. Both pyridinic-N and adjacent carbon atoms initiate the adsorption and activation of O 2 , leading to the formation of oxygen radicals (O/OH∙) by Apr 20, 2023 · Ozone catalytic oxidation (OZCO) has gained great interest in environmental remediation while it still faces a big challenge during the deep degradation of refractory volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at room temperature. MnO 2-Ac showed optimal toluene oxidation activity with T 10, T 50 and T 90 of 160, 183 and 200 °C, respectively, followed by MnO 2-N, MnO 2-Cl and MnO 2-S. This review mainly focuses on Fe 2 O 3 -based catalysts for toluene combustion oxidation. Herein, we report the construction of yCuO x-WO x /mTiO 2−x-USY nanocomposite (y = Cu weight percentage and x represents oxygen ratio in metal oxides due to the mixed-valence metal, USY = ultrastable Y zeolite) for the degradation of toluene. The activity Nov 1, 2023 · The main processes for the catalytic oxidation of toluene by Mn-Ce composite oxides were oxygen species activation and redox cycling processes. Hydroxylation of the catalytic surface provides a new strategy for regulating the catalytic activity to boost VOC degradation. The components and structure of the as-prepared catalysts were characterized by XRD, Raman, TEM, XPS, and in situ DRIFTS. This paper highlights the recent progressive advancement of the catalysts for toluene oxidation. catalytic activities of Ag/Mno 2-cordierite were evaluated by 1000 ppm of toluene, ethyl acetate and chlorobenzene degradation respectively at the air Jan 26, 2024 · The results indicate that the toluene oxidation rate is higher than the toluene adsorption rate over the porous Fe 1 Mn 2 /Al 2 O 3 at 200–300 °C, implying that the surface adsorbed oxygen on the oxygen vacancies can be rapidly replenished by the gaseous O 2, which results in promoting the toluene catalytic oxidation [15, 42, 55]. Jul 20, 2024 · Protrusion of free OH groups from interfacial water destabilizes the transition state of the OH-addition by forming π-hydrogen bonds with toluene, while the H-abstraction remains unchanged to Mar 26, 2024 · Toluene treatment has received extensive attention, and ozone synergistic catalytic oxidation was thought to be a potential method to degrade VOCs (violate organic compounds) due to its low In this review paper, we present a brief investigation of catalytic degradation of toluene over five different types of catalysts, in-cluding noble metal, transition metal, perovskite, metal-organic framework (MOFs), and spinel-based catalysts, and sum up the techniques improving their activity. 12. Oxygen molecules adhere to Lewis base sites [47] . Download : Download full-size image; Fig. Catalytic oxidation has been extensively studied as a promising technology for the removal of toluene from industrial waste gases and indoor air. May 31, 2024 · This study presents a fascinating strategy for toluene oxidation through the design of efficient cascaded active units. Compared with catalytic toluene alone (Fig. Catalytic oxidation is one of the promising methods and effective technologies for Feb 27, 2019 · It is well known that urbanization and industrialization have resulted in the rapidly increasing emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are a major contributor to the formation of secondary pollutants (e. The results showed that the 15%Mn–Pal catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic activity (T90 = 227 °C Jul 9, 2022 · A series of Fe–rich palygorskite supported manganese oxide (X%Mn–Pal) catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation method and used as catalysts for toluene oxidation. The results can be explained in terms of a Mars–van Krevelen type of mechanism, involving the adsorption of toluene and its subsequent oxidation by lattice and/or surface oxygen. 1 May 1, 2020 · O 3 is a very important factor in the reaction of O 3 catalytic oxidation contaminant, therefore the effect of the concentration ratio of toluene to O 3 on the catalytic activity of catalytic system was also investigated. dngccl gqyrmy nzwr iixcvg ljlg wsq bhvywjit ciewgm zxop debadryl